Cellulose compound.



' termed viscoid, and has for its object to Rochester, in the county of Monroe and impregnating it with a filling material filling material, and I find that-this may be i to a so ution. composed of one or more of the UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. navmln. mm), or nocmisrnn, newsman, Assren'on are nnsnmn xonsx couranr, or nocrmsrnn, new YORK, A conroiwrxonor new YORK.

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1,116,627. 80 Drawing.

Specification 01. Letters Patent. Application filed January a1, 1914.- ser al in. 315,910.

Patented Nov. 10,1914.

To all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, DAVID E. REID, of

State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cellulose Compounds; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My present invention relates 'to cellulosic bodies, particularly such as viscose or cellulose xanthate which have been reverted or converted into cellulose and might be adapt such material to more extended use in the arts whereby when made into pellicles or skins for film supports, for instance, the thin sheets will be rendered sufiiciently tough and pliable for all practical purposes, less water absorbent than pure viscose and also less liable when dry, to cockle, thereby rendering th'em particularly suitable as supports for photographic and particularly moving picture film. These results are obtained by subjecting the cellulose to a treatment which I believe results in loading or which does not materially affect thecellulose as such, but nevertheless fo ms a new compound. In order that this m: lterial may be incorporated in the sheets or .ilaments it is desirable that it be carried into the body thereof and left there when the sheet has dried. The sheets or webs of viscose to be treated may be formed in the usual way as by flowing the liquid viscose upon a suitable, surface or by projecting it through relatively small apertures and subsequently treating or revertin it by suitable'chemicals or otherwise. his is oneof the well known processes and produces a sheet or pellicle which is transparent, insoluble in water, but nevertheless more or less water absorbent. These sheets, pellicles or fila-. ments are then treated while they contain moisture, (either that which is incident to their manufacture or that may be subsequently applied 'as by moistenin' the previously dried material) preferab y by removing the water and substituting therefor in the body of the, cellulose the loading or accomplished by treating the moist sheets alcohols or alde ydes' which are miscible with water, and a filling or loading material is soluble in 'such alcohols or aldehydes.

Among the alcohols which will answer this purpose are grain, wood and amyl, and among the aldehydes, acetic aldehyde, and the others/ethyl acetate and amyl acetate.

The quantity of the filling material employed in this solution depends somewhat upon lts/nature and solubility, but I find that the materials hereinafter mentioned for photographic film vary from two to fourteen per cent. of the weight of the dry reverted cellulose. The action of this solution is, I believe, to dehydrate the moistened material, and carry the loading or filling material contained in the solution into the pores or interstices which contained moisture.

The character of this filling material in the solution depends to some extent upon the use for which the completed skin, pellicle or filament is adapted. Asone of the particular uses for these films or skins is in the pose must beof such nature that it is racphotographic art, the filling for this purliquids orchemica'ls employed in the sensitized material subsequently ap had or in the treatmentto which the pel icle is subjected preparatory to bein 'coated with the sensitized 'material or .a ter, so that no chemical action will result which would afi'ect the transparency or 'clcarness of the pellicle, and it should be practice-ll colorless itself. On the other hand, the fi ing'must be of such nature that it will not injuriously affect the sensitive coating tino argentic emulsion) ei or directly "or when subjected to the action of the chemicals used in the hoto'graphic art or to vapors-or gases, or eat and moisture. Furthermore, when used for photo aphic pur-, poses this filling'material shou d additionally consist of a'high boiling point liquid such as a gelat or solid which is not oleaginous and is transparent when cold. I have found after considerable experimenting that I can use for the filli'ngjmaterial for photographic use,

solid crystalline bodies such' as camphor, triphenyl phes hate, and trinapthylphosphate, also suc high-boiling point liquids as fusel oil, amyl acetate, tricresyl phosphate, benzyl acetate, benzyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, also halogen substitution products in taking and rojectin such as entachlorethane, tetrachlorethane, and perc loroethylene. I find also for some purposes, that urns, resins and waxes,'s'olu-' ble'in such so vents as alcohols, aldehydes and the like, and not Water absorbent or soluble, and which are colorlem, can well be used. I I

' Skins or pellicles treated by subjecting them to the action of the solution for a sufficient'lengthiof time to absorb the desired amount of filling, will become, --or'at least the surface will become, sufiiciently impregnated with the material so thatzeven thin sheets suitable for photographic film supports are tough and pliable,and will tear with, a smooth fracture instead of in the brittle and irregular manner that similar vsheets formed from ordinary viscose tear or fracture, Su'chsheets are much'les's-water absorbent, andwhen'dry they lie flat, do not cockle, and will shrink and expand less than untreated sheets, all of which qualities render thehi desirable for use in photography, and particularly as a support for film used moving pictures.

As hereinbe ore state for some purposes the material carried into the pores need not possess all the characteristics noted which render the material especially adapted for photographic film supports, and for many purposes in the arts any filling material may be employed which is soluble lIl alcohols and aldehydes, etc., that are miscible with water, such filling being practically insoluble in water. The skins or pellicles may, if desired when used in photography, have their "surfaces nitrated or acetylized before or after being subjected to the filling bath, then treated with a sub-stratum of such material or materials as are usually employed for the purpose, and the sensitized coating or emulsion applied in the usual or inany suitable way. In referring to the filling ma-. terial as having a relatively high boiling point, I mean one having a boiling point at least. as high or higher than that of water and which will remain in the cellulose sheets or filaments when subjected to temperatures approximating or below that of boilingzawater. v

I claim assay-invention: a

1. In a transparent pellicle of reverted cellulose insoluble in the ordinary solvents use in photography inco oer; whibh of converted cellulose and havin rated in the substance thereof a is non-oleaginous i soluble in solvents misc'ble with water.

' 2. A tran arent body comprisin reverted cellulose. aving filling material which is non-oleaginous practicallyinsoluble in water, but which soluble in alcohols and other solvents misclble with water.

3. A tran arent pellicle composed of reverted cell ose and a filling of non-oleaginous material, practically insoluble in water and soluble -in alcohols and other solvents miscible with water and which does not chemically react upon or with gelatino argentic emulsion.

4. A -t-ransparent pellicle for use in photography "consisting of reverted cellulose containing afilling lowing characteristics (1) practica yinsoluble in water (2) soluble in alcohols and other solvents miscible with water (3) having no appreciable 'efiect upon photographic emulsion (4) (practicallycolorless (5) nonoleaginous an (6) incapable of chemically reacting with the chemicals used in photography in such a Way as to reduce the transparency of the sheet.

5. A pellicle for use in posed essentially of reverted cellulose and triphenyl phosphate,

6. The method of lose consisting in with water to the act; o: a solution embodying solvents miscible with water and a material soluble in said solvents and practicallv insoluble in water.

'7. The method of treating pellicles of reverted cellulose for use in photography consisting in subjecting said pellicle while moist with water to the action of a solution embodying solvents miscible with water and a material practically insoluble in water.

8. The method of treating pellicles for consisting in subjecting a water dampened pellicle of reverted cellulose to the action of an alcoholic solution of tri hen l hos hate.

p y p p DAVID E. REID.

- Witnesses:

F. F. CHURoH CHARLES E. n'rm.

luble in water' but is incorporated t erein a.

material havin thefolv photography com- 

